Persian Pressure: Tehran’s Options for Payback

Iran rarely declares war. It retaliates in the shadows—proxies, cyber strikes, and deniable attacks that remind the homeland it isn’t beyond reach. Don’t expect Iran’s retaliation to look like war. Expect proxies, hacks, intimidation, and strikes designed to haunt the homeland.

Iran rarely declares war. It retaliates in the shadows—proxies, cyber strikes, and deniable attacks that remind the homeland it isn’t beyond reach. Don’t expect Iran’s retaliation to look like war. Expect proxies, hacks, intimidation, and strikes designed to haunt the homeland.